Overview
Greater-than-normal measurements may indicate:
- Addison's disease (rare)
- Congestive heart failure
- Shock
- Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion
Lower-than-normal measurements may indicate:
- Aldosteronism (very rare)
- Diabetes insipidus (rare)
- Excess fluid intake
- Renal tubular necrosis
- Severe pyelonephritis
Review Date 7/21/2021
Updated by: David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.